· 2006 · 1h 29m Playgirl: Stripped ✓ Seen + Watchlist ↗ Share Director Cast Avena Lee as Cassie Courtland as Celestia Star as Dani Woodward as Faith Leon as Lexi Love as Tagline Down to the Basics Synopsis Strip away inhibitions. Strip away rules. Strip away the artifice. Key Collaborators Follow the Thread Agent-readable
